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CVE-2026-72323

ipv4: igmp: Fix potential UAF in igmp_gq_start_timer()

9.8 EPSS 0.7% AV:N

Published 2026-08-15 (2 months ago) by the Linux kernel CNA. Subsystem include/linux. Debian urgency: not yet assigned.

What to do, per Debian release

Debian's own status for CVE-2026-72323 in every release this site tracks, and what each one means in practice. Every status below is the one the Debian Security Team publishes for this CVE. source

ReleaseStatus VersionWhat this means
Debian 12bookwormfixedDLA-4777-1 · 2026-09-08 · text6.1.187-1Update the kernel and reboot. DLA-4777-1 shipped the fix on 2026-09-08, in 6.1.187-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts.
Debian 13trixiefixed6.12.100-1Update the kernel and reboot. Fixed in 6.12.100-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts.
Debian 14forkyfixed7.1.5-1Update the kernel and reboot. Fixed in 7.1.5-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts.
Debian unstablesidfixed7.1.5-1Update the kernel and reboot. Fixed in 7.1.5-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts.

The vulnerability

What the bug is

A race condition exists between device teardown (inetdev_destroy) and incoming IGMP query processing (igmp_rcv), leading to a Use-After-Free in the IGMP timer callback. During device destruction, inetdev_destroy() drops the primary reference to in_device, which can drop its refcount to 0. The actual freeing of in_device memory is deferred via RCU (using call_rcu()). Concurrently, igmp_rcv() runs under RCU read lock and obtains the in_device pointer. Because the memory is RCU-protected, CPU-0 can safely dereference in_device even if its refcount has hit 0. However, if CPU-0 calls igmp_gq_start_timer() and re-arms the timer, it attempts to acquire a reference using in_dev_hold(). This increments the refcount from 0 to 1, triggering a "refcount_t: addition on 0" warning. Since the in_device memory is still scheduled to be freed after the RCU grace period (as the free callback does not check the refcount again), the device is freed while the timer is still armed. When the timer expires, it accesses the freed memory, causing a kernel panic. Fix this by using refcount_inc_not_zero() (via a new helper in_dev_hold_safe()) to prevent acquiring a reference if the device is already being destroyed. If the refcount is 0, we do not arm the timer. A similar issue in IPv6 MLD is fixed in a subsequent patch.

Where it lives

The fix touches these files. If the subsystem is one you do not use, the practical exposure is lower, though the package is still the vulnerable one.

include/linux/inetdevice.h
net/ipv4/igmp.c

What this is
NETWORKING DRIVERSMAINTAINERS section matched on include/linux/inetdevice.h · netdev@vger.kernel.org · Maintained

Check it on the machine

grep -w CONFIG_INET /boot/config-$(uname -r)

Reads the booted kernel's own configuration, on the machine and nowhere else. =y is built in, =m is a module, and an is not set line means the code is not there.

Show whether Debian builds this, per release

Debian builds this code. Every release below compiles the affected file into the kernels it ships.

  • bookworm, trixie, forky, sidy
y
built into the kernel image on every flavour - only a patch removes it
Build switch
CONFIG_INET

From the configuration Debian publishes for every kernel flavour it builds. It covers only the architectures Debian ships a linux-config package for, and nothing about a kernel you built yourself. Debian's own status above stays authoritative about the source package.MAINTAINERS kbuild Makefiles Debian linux-config packages

Signals

Published
2026-08-15 (2 months ago)source
CVSS
9.8 critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:Hsource recompute it
Attack vector
network (AV:N)source
EPSS
0.72%, higher than 53.2% of all CVEssource
CISA KEV
not listedthe KEV catalogue
Debian urgency
not yet assignedsource
Subsystem
include/linux

Upstream fixes

The versions the CNA records as introducing and fixing this, and the commit for each. source

IntroducedFixed inCommit
2.6.125.10.2697265c747eec4
2.6.125.15.220d107b4c4f827
2.6.126.1.18774b301f7f197
2.6.126.6.14540a1e998cb26
2.6.126.12.97165258303357
2.6.126.18.4075e984fe0cb9
2.6.127.1.58d4394ffa405
2.6.127.27b19c0f81ed1

Debian advisories

AdvisoryDateShipped toDebian
DLA-4777-12026-09-08bookworm 6.1.187-1tracker

Why the CNA scored it this way

Quoted from the kernel CNA's own scoring file, word for word. A highlighted metric carries the most severe value CVSS v3.1 defines for it, which is what pushes the score up. source

AV:NAttack vector, network
The bug is reached from igmp_rcv(), registered as the IPPROTO_IGMP handler and invoked via ip_rcv → ip_local_deliver → ip_protocol_deliver_rcu() on received IPv4 packets; per kernel guidance, net/ stack flaws triggered by inbound packets are scored Network even when practical reachability is typically same-subnet.
AC:LAttack complexity, low
An attacker controls both race sides: flooding IGMP general membership queries while concurrently deleting/tearing down the target netdev (e.g., veth in a user/net namespace, container CNI teardown, or parallel RTNETLINK unregister), and can retry until the timer is re-armed after ip_mc_down() during inetdev_destroy().
PR:NPrivileges required, none
IGMP query processing has no authentication or capability checks on the receive path; any host that can deliver IPPROTO_IGMP packets to the interface can trigger igmp_heard_query() → igmp_gq_start_timer(), and concurrent interface destruction is normal system/orchestrator activity rather than attacker privilege on the victim.
UI:NUser interaction, none
Exploitation requires only attacker-sent IGMP packets timed against interface teardown; no victim must open files, click links, mount filesystems, or take any deliberate action beyond routine network interface lifecycle events.
S:UScope, unchanged
The use-after-free corrupts kernel heap memory within the same host kernel security authority; it is a standard in-kernel memory corruption issue, not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or other cross-boundary scope change.
C:HConfidentiality impact, high
This is a use-after-free of struct in_device: igmp_gq_timer_expire() dereferences freed memory and calls igmpv3_send_report(), enabling disclosure of reallocated slab contents and arbitrary kernel memory read primitives via heap grooming.
I:HIntegrity impact, high
The UAF arms mr_gq_timer on a freed in_device and the expiry handler writes through dangling pointers (mr_gq_running, igmpv3_send_report paths), providing attacker-influenced heap corruption that can be developed into arbitrary kernel write and privilege escalation.
A:HAvailability impact, high
The fix commit states the timer callback accesses freed in_device memory and causes kernel panic; UAF on a timer-armed netdev structure is a reliable oops/panic and repeatable DoS, and can be retriggered by continued IGMP query flooding during interface churn.