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CVE-2026-72116
can: bcm: fix stale rx/tx ops after device removal
Published 2026-08-15 (2 months ago) by the Linux kernel CNA. Subsystem net/can. Debian urgency: not yet assigned.
What to do, per Debian release
Debian's own status for CVE-2026-72116 in every release this site tracks, and what each one means in practice. Every status below is the one the Debian Security Team publishes for this CVE. source
| Release | Status | Version | What this means |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 12bookworm | fixedDLA-4777-1 · 2026-09-08 · text | 6.1.187-1 | Update the kernel and reboot. DLA-4777-1 shipped the fix on 2026-09-08, in 6.1.187-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts. |
| Debian 13trixie | fixed | 6.12.101-1 | Update the kernel and reboot. Fixed in 6.12.101-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts. |
| Debian 14forky | fixed | 7.1.5-1 | Update the kernel and reboot. Fixed in 7.1.5-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts. |
| Debian unstablesid | fixed | 7.1.5-1 | Update the kernel and reboot. Fixed in 7.1.5-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts. |
| Debian 12bookworm · linux-6.12 | fixedDLA-4745-1 · 2026-08-18 · text | 6.12.101-1~deb12u1 | Update the kernel and reboot. DLA-4745-1 shipped the fix on 2026-08-18, in 6.12.101-1~deb12u1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts. |
The vulnerability
What the bug is
RX: an RX_SETUP update(!) for an existing op skipped can_rx_register() unconditionally, even when a concurrent NETDEV_UNREGISTER had already torn down its registration (op->rx_reg_dev == NULL). This silently did not re-enable frame delivery for that updated filter. bcm_rx_setup() now re-registers in that case, while leaving rx_ops with ifindex = 0 (all CAN devices) which never carry a tracked rx_reg_dev registered as-is. TX: bcm_notify() only handled bo->rx_ops on NETDEV_UNREGISTER, leaving tx_ops with an active cyclic transmission re-arming its hrtimer indefinitely to execute bcm_tx_timeout_handler(). Cancelling the hrtimer prevents the runaway timer and any injection into a later reused ifindex, since nothing else calls bcm_can_tx() for the op until an explicit TX_SETUP update re-arms it. Unlike bcm_rx_unreg(), which clears the tracked rx_reg_dev for rx_ops, the ifindex is intentionally left unchanged for tx_ops. bcm_tx_setup() always rejects ifindex 0, so clearing it would strand the op: neither a later TX_SETUP (bcm_find_op()) nor TX_DELETE (bcm_delete_tx_op()) could ever find it again, since both require an exact ifindex match.
Where it lives
The fix touches these files. If the subsystem is one you do not use, the practical exposure is lower, though the package is still the vulnerable one.
net/can/bcm.c
- What this is
- CAN NETWORK LAYERMAINTAINERS section matched on net/can/ · linux-can@vger.kernel.org · Maintained
- Kernel module
- can_bcm
Check it on the machine
grep -wE 'CONFIG_CAN|CONFIG_CAN_BCM' /boot/config-$(uname -r)Reads the booted kernel's own configuration, on the machine and nowhere else. =y is built in, =m is a module, and an is not set line means the code is not there.
lsmod | grep -w can_bcmPrints a line if that module is loaded right now, and nothing if it is not. One that is not loaded can still be loaded later by anything that needs it.
Show whether Debian builds this, per release
Debian builds this, but not on every flavour. At least one release below builds the code on some of its kernel flavours and not on others, so the answer depends on the architecture and flavour installed.
- bookworm, trixie, forky, sid, bookworm · linux-6.12Mnot built on amd64/cloud-amd64, arm64/cloud-arm64
- M
- a module where it is built at all; some flavours do not build it
- Build switches
- CONFIG_CAN, CONFIG_CAN_BCM
- Reads as
- all on means the file is compiled; any one off means it is not.
From the configuration Debian publishes for every kernel flavour it builds. It covers only the architectures Debian ships a linux-config package for, and nothing about a kernel you built yourself. Debian's own status above stays authoritative about the source package.MAINTAINERS kbuild Makefiles Debian linux-config packages
Signals
- Published
- 2026-08-15 (2 months ago)source
- CVSS
- 7.1 high
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:Hsource recompute it - Attack vector
- local (AV:L)source
- EPSS
- 0.19%, higher than 7.6% of all CVEssource
- CISA KEV
- not listedthe KEV catalogue
- Debian urgency
- not yet assignedsource
- Subsystem
- net/can
Upstream fixes
The versions the CNA records as introducing and fixing this, and the commit for each. source
| Introduced | Fixed in | Commit |
|---|---|---|
| 2.6.25 | 5.10.265 | d30a36066ed3 |
| 2.6.25 | 5.15.216 | ca829677ffa2 |
| 2.6.25 | 6.1.183 | 9517d8fb0b19 |
| 2.6.25 | 6.6.148 | 60d8a7942f4e |
| 2.6.25 | 6.12.101 | f749e4564952 |
| 2.6.25 | 6.18.42 | 6be3e1fedf03 |
| 2.6.25 | 7.1.5 | b31d0933509c |
| 2.6.25 | 7.2 | 3b762c0d9503 |
Debian advisories
| Advisory | Date | Shipped to | Debian |
|---|---|---|---|
| DLA-4777-1 | 2026-09-08 | bookworm 6.1.187-1 | tracker |
| DLA-4745-1 | 2026-08-18 | bookworm 6.12.101-1~deb12u1 | tracker |
Why the CNA scored it this way
Quoted from the kernel CNA's own scoring file, word for word. A highlighted metric carries the most severe value CVSS v3.1 defines for it, which is what pushes the score up. source
- AV:LAttack vector, local
- The bug is reached only via local PF_CAN/CAN_BCM syscalls (socket/connect/sendmsg TX_SETUP or RX_SETUP); bcm_tx_timeout_handler() is driven by a local hrtimer, not by remote network services or CAN bus frames alone.
- AC:LAttack complexity, low
- An attacker controls both sides by arming cyclic TX with SETTIMER/STARTTIMER, then triggering or waiting for NETDEV_UNREGISTER (e.g., concurrent ip link del in a user namespace) while ifindex reuse is normal kernel behavior, making injection reliably achievable.
- PR:LPrivileges required, low
- can_create(), bcm_connect(), and bcm_sendmsg() perform no capability checks; any local user with CAN access (or CAP_NET_ADMIN in an unprivileged user namespace to create vcan) can open BCM sockets and program cyclic TX/RX ops.
- UI:NUser interaction, none
- Exploitation requires only the attacker opening a BCM socket and sending TX_SETUP/RX_SETUP messages; no victim action such as mounting media or opening files is needed once local CAN access exists.
- S:UScope, unchanged
- Impact is unauthorized CAN transmission/monitoring disruption within the same kernel host; it does not cross VM, container, or IOMMU security boundaries even when frames reach an adjacent vehicle or factory CAN segment.
- C:NConfidentiality impact, none
- The flaw causes stale timer-driven transmission and missed RX re-registration, not kernel memory disclosure; no out-of-bounds read, UAF, or other information-leak primitive is present in this bug.
- I:HIntegrity impact, high
- After NETDEV_UNREGISTER, orphaned tx_ops keep bcm_can_tx() running with a stale ifindex, so attacker-crafted cyclic CAN frames can be injected onto any later netdev that reuses that ifindex, including safety-critical automotive or industrial buses.
- A:HAvailability impact, high
- Uncancelled hrtimers on stale tx_ops re-arm bcm_tx_timeout_handler() indefinitely after device removal, causing persistent timer/softirq CPU consumption, and the RX_SETUP path can silently stop frame delivery after unregister races.