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CVE-2026-64452

6lowpan: fix NHC entry use-after-free on error path

7.1 EPSS 0.2% AV:A

Published 2026-07-25 (3 months ago) by the Linux kernel CNA. Subsystem net/6lowpan. Debian urgency: not yet assigned.

What to do, per Debian release

Debian's own status for CVE-2026-64452 in every release this site tracks, and what each one means in practice. Every status below is the one the Debian Security Team publishes for this CVE. source

ReleaseStatus VersionWhat this means
Debian 12bookwormfixedDLA-4720-1 · 2026-08-05 · text6.1.180-1Update the kernel and reboot. DLA-4720-1 shipped the fix on 2026-08-05, in 6.1.180-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts.
Debian 13trixiefixed6.12.96-1Update the kernel and reboot. Fixed in 6.12.96-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts.
Debian 14forkyfixed7.1.4-1Update the kernel and reboot. Fixed in 7.1.4-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts.
Debian unstablesidfixed7.1.4-1Update the kernel and reboot. Fixed in 7.1.4-1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts.
Debian 12bookworm · linux-6.12fixedDLA-4724-1 · 2026-08-07 · text6.12.100-1~deb12u1Update the kernel and reboot. DLA-4724-1 shipped the fix on 2026-08-07, in 6.12.100-1~deb12u1. A running kernel keeps the old code until the machine restarts.

The vulnerability

What the bug is

lowpan_nhc_do_uncompression() looks up an NHC descriptor while holding lowpan_nhc_lock. If the descriptor has no uncompress callback, the error path drops the lock before printing nhc->name. lowpan_nhc_del() removes descriptors under the same lock and then relies on synchronize_net() before the owning module can be unloaded. That only waits for net RX RCU readers. lowpan_header_decompress() is also exported and can be reached from callers that are not necessarily covered by the net core RX critical section, for example the Bluetooth 6LoWPAN L2CAP receive path. This leaves a race where one task drops lowpan_nhc_lock in the error path, another task unregisters and frees the matching descriptor after synchronize_net() returns, and the first task then dereferences nhc->name for the warning. With the post-unlock window widened, KASAN reports: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in lowpan_nhc_do_uncompression+0x1f4/0x220 Read of size 8 lowpan_nhc_do_uncompression lowpan_header_decompress Fix this by printing the warning before dropping lowpan_nhc_lock, so the descriptor name is read while unregister is still excluded. The malformed packet is still rejected with -ENOTSUPP.

Where it lives

The fix touches these files. If the subsystem is one you do not use, the practical exposure is lower, though the package is still the vulnerable one.

net/6lowpan/nhc.c

What this is
6LOWPAN GENERIC (BTLE/IEEE 802.15.4)MAINTAINERS section matched on net/6lowpan/ · linux-bluetooth@vger.kernel.org · Maintained
Kernel module
6lowpan

Check it on the machine

grep -w CONFIG_6LOWPAN /boot/config-$(uname -r)

Reads the booted kernel's own configuration, on the machine and nowhere else. =y is built in, =m is a module, and an is not set line means the code is not there.

lsmod | grep -w 6lowpan

Prints a line if that module is loaded right now, and nothing if it is not. One that is not loaded can still be loaded later by anything that needs it.

Show whether Debian builds this, per release

Debian builds this, but not on every flavour. At least one release below builds the code on some of its kernel flavours and not on others, so the answer depends on the architecture and flavour installed.

  • bookworm, trixie, forky, sid, bookworm · linux-6.12Mnot built on amd64/cloud-amd64, arm64/cloud-arm64
M
a module where it is built at all; some flavours do not build it
Build switch
CONFIG_6LOWPAN

From the configuration Debian publishes for every kernel flavour it builds. It covers only the architectures Debian ships a linux-config package for, and nothing about a kernel you built yourself. Debian's own status above stays authoritative about the source package.MAINTAINERS kbuild Makefiles Debian linux-config packages

Signals

Published
2026-07-25 (3 months ago)source
CVSS
7.1 high
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:Hsource recompute it
Attack vector
adjacent network (AV:A)source
EPSS
0.22%, higher than 11.5% of all CVEssource
CISA KEV
not listedthe KEV catalogue
Debian urgency
not yet assignedsource
Subsystem
net/6lowpan

Upstream fixes

The versions the CNA records as introducing and fixing this, and the commit for each. source

IntroducedFixed inCommit
4.15.10.2619c2f5c0829a8
4.15.15.21280b5c8779ace
4.16.1.178cc27aea4d454
4.16.6.145a8e3a9471113
4.16.12.96593b78bb3c7e
4.16.18.390beccbcf50de
4.17.1.4b713aa0cc344
4.17.21720db928e5a

Debian advisories

AdvisoryDateShipped toDebian
DLA-4724-12026-08-07bookworm 6.12.100-1~deb12u1tracker
DLA-4723-12026-08-07bullseye 6.1.180-1~deb11u1tracker
DLA-4720-12026-08-05bookworm 6.1.180-1tracker
DLA-4717-12026-08-05bullseye 5.10.262-1tracker

Why the CNA scored it this way

Quoted from the kernel CNA's own scoring file, word for word. A highlighted metric carries the most severe value CVSS v3.1 defines for it, which is what pushes the score up. source

AV:AAttack vector, adjacent network
An adjacent Bluetooth LE peer can deliver a crafted IPHC/NHC frame through the unauthenticated L2CAP IPSP receive path to the vulnerable decompressor.
AC:HAttack complexity, high
Exploitation requires the matching loadable NHC descriptor to be unregistered and freed during the tiny post-unlock window, and the adjacent attacker cannot independently force that module-unload side of the race.
PR:NPrivileges required, none
The Bluetooth packet-processing path requires no attacker privileges or authenticated pairing because the IPSP channel uses BT_SECURITY_LOW; CAP_SYS_MODULE belongs to the victim-side unload actor.
UI:RUser interaction, required
Successful triggering requires a victim administrator or module-management action to unload the matching NHC module while the malicious packet is being processed.
S:UScope, unchanged
The vulnerability compromises the affected host kernel without crossing a separate virtualization, IOMMU, or security-authority boundary.
C:HConfidentiality impact, high
The freed descriptor's name pointer is dereferenced as a string, so reused contents can cause an unbounded kernel-memory read and disclosure through the kernel log.
I:HIntegrity impact, high
As a kernel-space use-after-free, freed-object replacement is conservatively treated as potentially enabling memory-corruption or control-flow compromise.
A:HAvailability impact, high
Dereferencing an invalid freed descriptor or string pointer can produce a kernel oops or panic and render the system unavailable.